Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Factors that contribute to the deaths of Romeo and Juliet...

Explore the factors that contribute to the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. There are four areas that contribute to the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. It is important to study the cultural and historical background in which the play is set as this affects how characters behave and interact with each other. Another factor is individual characters and how their personalities and behaviour contribute to the deaths of the two protagonists. Love and hate affects the characters and causes the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Some people believe that the events in the play happened because of fate and that they happened for a reason; others may think that the events of the play happened just by chance. Therefore it is important to study all four of†¦show more content†¦At one part in the play his friends think he is still in love with Rosaline when in fact he has forgotten about Rosaline and is in love with Juliet. Romeo is quick to arrange the wedding and doesn’t wait to visit Friar Lawrence. The fact that Romeo and Juliet didn’t stop to think about marriage is one of the factors that contribute to their deaths. The Friar also thinks Romeo is in love with Rosaline and expects that he has spent the night with her, because he is in a good mood â€Å"God pardon sin! Wast thou with Rosaline†, but instead he has spent the night with Juliet. Romeo has a close relationship with the Friar, he acts as a father figure. This is shown when the Friar tell him he is banished. Romeo threatens to kill himself but Friar Lawrence stops him and gives Romeo some advice as Romeo knows he can trust the Friar â€Å" Let me dispute with thee of thy estate†. The Friar is always ready with a plan. He has a civil relationship with most characters and doesn’t have any enemies, in the play, which is unusual as most characters have an enemy. Tybalts enemy is Romeo and Lord Capulets enemy is Lord Montague. As a character the Friar is concerned about the feud and will do anything in his power to stop it â€Å"To turn your households’ rancour to pure love†. He always wants to do the right thing by everyone but his decisions and actions end inShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Deceptive Analysis772 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet discusses the many challenges the ‘star crossed lovers’ face. It is their own deceptive actions that ultimately lead them to their untimely end. However Romeo and Juliet are forced to be deceptive due to their fate and misfortune, the ongoing feud in Verona, and the misleading guidance they receive from others; which also contribute to their deaths. Romeo and J uliet focuses on the theme of love and hate, this theme is interweaved throughout the play. Romeo and Juliet experienceRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet977 Words   |  4 Pagesplay, Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. It is a tragedy about two lovers, Romeo and Juliet, who unfortunately, belong to families who bear an ancient grudge against each other. In the play, Romeo and Juliet fall in love and quickly decide to marry each other. At the end, Romeo and Juliet’s decisions cause their untimely death, but in reality, there were other people who also contributed to the lover’s death. Friar Laurence, the Nurse and Lord Capulet are responsible for the tragic deaths of RomeoRead MoreWho is Responsible for the Death of Romeo and Juliet?737 Words   |  3 PagesIn the play Romeo and Juliet there are lots of events that lead to the death of the two main characters. There are many people responsible for the death of Romeo and Juliet and some of these characters are Tybalt, Capulet and Friar Lawrence. In the play, Tybalt has a large influence on the death of Romeo and Juliet. He helps contribute to their deaths because he kills Mercutio and Romeo in turn kills Tybalt which causes Romeo to be banished from Verona. Then Juliet tells â€Å"Romeo is banished!†Read MoreLove Is A Smoke Made With The Fume Of Sighs1551 Words   |  7 Pages Romeo Juliet Reflection â€Å"Love is a smoke made with the fume of sighs.† (RJ 1.1.181) The tragedy of Romeo and Juliet has shown the readers the bitterness along with the passionate love. The messages which Shakespeare tried to bring to the readers made the play be a timeless classic for tragedy. It gives people similar but slightly unlike understandings from the particular point of views. The different movie versions and paintings take inspiration from the original play, butRead MoreFate In Romeo and Juliet Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesRomeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, is a famous tragic love story that bases on a young couple from the rival families, the Montagues, and the Capulets, in which the death of the young couple finally end the ‘ancient grudge’ between the two families. Their result of death is believed to be cause mostly by the fate, which brings them closer and closer to their inevitable destiny, death. In many places in the play Shakespeare als o uses words like ‘fortune’, ‘sail’, ‘stars’ to reveal that fateRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1342 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s, Romeo and Juliet, two star crossed lovers are faced with many problematic conflicts in which they experience as life-threatening and restricting of their relationship. Their identity, as in age, social class and gender, prevents the two protagonists from achieving purity in their relationship. The story heavily relies on these aspects of Romeo and Juliet’s life – contributing to the overall well-being of their love and chemistry, throughout the romance and tragedies that are presentedRead MoreRomeo and Juliet - theme love Essay examples743 Words   |  3 Pagesthe play, Romeo and Juliet, to convey that love conquers all. Through manipulation of Act 2, Scene 2, also renowned as the Balcony Scene’, Shakespeare effectively demonstrates how Romeo and Juliet’s love surmounts numerous things, in the play. Additionally, Shakespeare portrays that/how the strength of Romeo’s love for his murdered friend Mercutio, creates a desire for revenge despite potentially receiving death penalty; displaying that Romeo’s love for his friend conquers the fear of death. FurthermoreRead MoreRomeo and Juliets Love Is Doomed by the World Around and Its Own Intensity929 Words   |  4 PagesRomeo and Juliet’s love is doomed by the world around it and by its own intensity. Shakespeare, in one of his earliest plays, ‘Romeo and Juliet,’ written around 1600, explores a number of themes, including love, hate, fate and generation gap. Very early in the play he suggests that the love between the title characters is doomed. He no doubt blames the world around them especially the older generation for such a tragedy. However, he also implies that fate and the intensity of the love between theRead MoreAnalysis of Friar Lawrence and the Nurse1075 Words   |  5 PagesFriar Laurence as mentors to the young people in the play. Do these two people do the â€Å"right thing† by Romeo and Juliet? The nurse and Friar are sophisticated characters that act as parental figures within the prolix and truculent play. The timeless classic Romeo and Juliet (RJ) by William Shakespeare revolves around the notion of determinism, death, love and deception. Despite Romeo and Juliet having warring parents who pay little regard to them, the Nurse and Friar act as parental figures towardsRead MoreThe Tragic Deaths Of Romeo And Juliet1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe tragic deaths of Romeo and Juliet are not the fault of just one person; it is the fault of many. In fact, the blame could be placed on each character – if anyone acted in a different way, there could have been a different ending. Some had a greater impact on their deaths than others however, namely the families and the feud, the Friar Lawrence, Mercutio, Balthasar and Romeo Juliet themselves. Some may argue for other characters, but the actions of these five ultimately had a more prominent

Women Are The Victims Of War - 1481 Words

â€Å"Human rights are not only violated by terrorism, repression or assassination, but also by unfair economic structures that create huge inequalities† (Pope Francis). Just as women are victims of economic systems, they are also the victims of many, if not most, acts of terrorism and violence. These can include domestic violence, sexual slavery, emotional abuse, human trafficking, etc. In these ceaseless cases of oppression and violence, women and children bear the brunt of it all. In short, they are the casualties of war. The spoils of war. The victims of war. Two prominent ongoing acts of conflict which impact women are ISIS’s widespread regime and domestic violence in Papua New Guinea. Both these events emphasize the dire situations women†¦show more content†¦As a result, they find the sex slavery system established by ISIS very appealing and are more willing to support ISIS in order to reap personal benefits. Thus, ISIS uses systematic slavery and rape o f young girls and women to gain more momentum and support. Their justification for such inhumaneness? The Koran permits Muslim men to have more than one wife along with sex slaves. In fact, ISIS lures the women into their system by convincing them that they are pleasing God through their actions and decisions. Overall, women in Syria, Iraq, Iran, Jordon, and Lebanon face rape, forced marriage, abuse, forced religious conversions, and being treated as currency in order to further a group that only seeks to pulverize women, non-Muslims, and anyone else that prevents the domination of their men. Another astoundingly important issue the media fails to cover daily is the domestic violence in Papua New Guinea that has reached its highest point in 2015. In 1992 family violence occurred in about two thirds of the households in Papua New Guinea; however, the numbers today are unreported and unaccounted for because the government fails to keep track of a severe issue affecting most women in the country. In a 2013 survey 80 percent of men reported that they had enacted some form of abuse on their partner(s) at some point. Through all this, the police do not take an active part in helping victims

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Case Study 3 - 617 Words

Case 3: Jason Beans Rising Medical Solutions, Inc. Jason Beans realized his organization was being managed poorly. James wanted to create an environment that provided a positive work attitude. He didn’t want people to be thought of as numbers. Jason went through a few different management styles from very controlling to very loose control, neither of these ways worked well. Either employees took advantage of RISING or moral and performance began to suffer. RISING finally found that a reward based management was the way to go; Jason went as far as providing the company beliefs and core values to every employee at their desk. He even gave people $ 100.00 if they could recite the core values on the spot. RISING consistently rewarded†¦show more content†¦From personal experience I know they stay true to their values. The do deliver WOW through their FREE expedited shipping on all items; most of the items qualify for FREE overnight shipping as well. Fun, adventures, and creativity is obvious from their website and operati ng practices. Growth and learning is constantly rewarded and requested. They take consideration from employees and customers. Zappos has continued to operate while staying true to their core values. The next time you’re in the market for a new pair of shoes, heels, etc. give Zappos.com a shot, you won’t be disappointed. 4: As a leader Jason Beans could have changed the environment. From the reading the author depicted an elementary type environment for the employees. It was as if they need permission to get out of their seats. The person who received the reward was happy yet sad because she wasn’t even sure if she would be allowed to enjoy them. Eventually Jason did exactly what he needed to do to change the environment; he brought a creative change to RISING. For that particular situation, Jason could have pulledShow MoreRelatedMgmt 591 Case Study 3 Building Coalitions 2226 Words   |  9 PagesCase Study 3: Building a Coalition Keller Graduate School of Management MGMT 591: Leadership and Organizational Behavior March 22, 2015 CASE STUDY 3: BUILDING A COALITION !1 Part 1: Group Development The five-stage group-development model consists of: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. (Robbins 275) 1. Forming stage. In this first stage, the team is getting to know each other, their backgrounds, work experience, and learning about their strengths and weaknesses. InformalRead MoreCis 417 Week 7 Case Study 3 Casey Anthony Trial655 Words   |  3 PagesCIS 417 WEEK 7 CASE STUDY 3 CASEY ANTHONY TRIAL To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/cis-417-week-7-case-study-3-casey-anthony-trial/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM CIS 417 WEEK 7 CASE STUDY 3 – CASEY ANTHONY TRIAL On July 5, 2011, Casey Anthony was found not guilty of first-degree murder in the 2008 death of her daughter, Caylee. Further research this incident using quality and reputable resources. Write a two to three (2-3) page paper in which you: Read MoreCase Study 3633 Words   |  3 PagesCase Study 3 1. Discuss the four components of corporate social responsibility and how they relate to a charitable campaign such as (Product) RED. How does participation in a cause-marketing event contribute to a companys social responsibility? What role does sustainability play? The four components of corporate social responsibility are Economic responsibilities by being profitable to the company, Legal responsibilities by obeying the law or playing by the rule, Ethical responsibilitiesRead MoreCase Study 3855 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 28, 2012 MAR 4156- 12Fall_0001 Case Study #3 Case 13-2: Scotch Whisky in China: A Taste of the Good Life 1. Why are Diageo, Pernod Ricard, and other marketers of global spirits brands localizing advertising campaigns in emerging markets? Diageo, Ricard, and other marketers of global spirits brands are localizing their advertising campaigns in emerging markets because no two countries or their inhabitants are alike. Every country has a diverse set of consumers that have specificRead MoreStarbucks Case Study 31195 Words   |  5 PagesStarbucks case study 3 Q1. What type of departmentalization are being used? Explain your choices. Ans. Types of departmentalization being used are : a. Retail Expert b. Administrative c. Manufacturing d. Sales amp; Marketing Q2. Do you think it’s a good idea to have a president for the US division and for the international divisions? What are the advantages of such an arrangement? Disadvantages? Ans. Yes, it will be good idea to have a president for US division and internationalRead MoreEssay Case Study 3697 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Case Study 3: Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) MIT3220-02: Management Information Systems 1. In your own words, summarize the differences in the sales models of Amazon retain and GearUp. While both Amazon and GearUp provide similar services, reselling items, there are many differences in the sales models of these two companies. Amazon first puts goods into their inventory and then sells these goods from their inventory. They take physical possession and sell after theyRead MoreCase Study 3 Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Case study 3 Lafarge-Aget Heracles Case a. Use Exhibits H and I, estimate and evaluate ratios for ROI, Profitability, liquidity, and financial strength. ROI is 5.18 in 2003 and 5.42 in 2004. It is slightly increase. The investment gains high profit to investment cost. Compared to 2003, the net income also growth 4.6 percent in 2004 since the mainly part is interest deduction. The sale revenue decreases 3,344 EURO, but the cost has a higher reduction by 4,400 EURO. Thus, its profitability essentiallyRead MoreModule 3 : Case Study1048 Words   |  5 Pages Module 3 Case Study Shun’Tanna T. Armstrong Trident University International Module 3 Case Study In the year 2015, the personal computer is definitely not the same as the colossal square shaped computer that began to spread into homes as far back as the mid 1980 s. As indicated by United States Census Bureau, more than 85% of all homes in the United States have personal computers and or access to mobile computing. ((File) Computers have changed the way individuals, scholars, and organizationsRead MoreCase Study 3 Essay1206 Words   |  5 Pageswork, analyzing information, and applying reasoning skills. The implementation of assessments allow students to become more actively engaged in learning activities that may require different approaches in finding various information regarding their studies. I believe that these assessments should also still be written in the English language, though the instructor should do their best to omit any unnecessary linguistic convolution. There is no need to overload the students more than they already areRead MoreEssay on Case Study 3790 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Human Relations in Business – Maja Barnes’ Case Study 11-2: So, Is This How You Learn Leadership? 1. What is your opinion of the contribution of Olsen’s representative experiences to his development as a leader? Leadership - â€Å"the process of bringing about positive changes and influencing others to achieve worthwhile goals†. After three months of becoming an assistant manager, Len’s leadership skills have already been put up test. As an example, he effectively managed a customer who spilled hot

Data Breach - 3986 Words

In today’s digital world, most Americans leave long electronic trails of private information wherever they go. But too often, that data is compromised. When they shop—whether online or at brick and mortar stores—retailers gain access to their credit card numbers. Medical institutions maintain patient records, which are increasingly electronic. Corporations store copious customer lists and employee Social Security numbers. These types of data frequently get loose. Hackers gain entry to improperly protected networks, thieves steal employee laptops or disgruntled workers pilfer company information. â€Å"More and more people are putting their data in electronic form,† says Deirdre Mulligan, the faculty director at the Berkeley Center for Law†¦show more content†¦Every potentially affected person can claim up to $1,500 in damages for emotional harm and credit monitoring expenses, even though no actual identity theft occurred. â€Å"This really wakes up the government on what kind of liability can be involved here, and how liability can exceed the harm,† Scott says. That’s significant because most lost hardware incidents requiring public notices to people with potentially jeopardized personal information do not result in actual harm to anybody. â€Å"There are many, many cases in which there is a notice with no injury,† Scott says. Insider Attacks One of the most distressing types of data breach is also the most difficult to prevent: dishonest people who either work for a company and steal information internally or pose as a trustworthy business partner and convince a corporation to hand over personal records. That’s exactly what happened to consumer data broker ChoicePoint, now a division of LexisNexis, during a 2005 security incident many experts say played a crucial role in shaping privacy law. The company sold consumer information from more than 163,000 individuals to identity thieves who pretended to be legitimate businesspeople. The Federal Trade Commission connected more than 800 cases of identity theft to the compromised Social Security numbers, employment information and credit histories. In the resulting litigation, ChoicePoint reached a $15 million settlement thatShow MoreRelated$55 Million Dollar Data Breach at Choicepoint1077 Words   |  5 PagesMillion Dollar Data Breach at ChoicePoint Abstract Personal data breaches have become epidemic in the U.S. where innocent citizens sensitive information is being left unprotected and subsequently disseminated between hackers. ChoicePoint is an organization that is a premier data broker and credentialing service in the industry. The company was guilty of failing to fulfil their own policy of thoroughly evaluating prospective customer organizations which resulted in a major breach. The sourceRead MoreThe Home Depot Data Breach3056 Words   |  13 PagesThe Home Depot-Data Breach Abstract The Home Depot, the home improvement, construction products and services retailer got hit by hackers by compromising the millions of customer’s data. The data of credit cards and debit cards have been stolen by the hackers. However the breach occurred long time ago but went unrecognized. They suspected that this might be the same malware used during the Target’s data heist. Furthermore, the hackers injected the system with the malware which enters the system whichRead MoreA Report On The Target Data Breach Essay1850 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: The Target data breach remains one of the most notable breaches in history, it was the first time a CEO of a major corporation was fired due to a security event. The breach received an enormous amount of attention, it caused corporations and individuals to change the way they think about information security and data protection. Between Thanksgiving and Christmas 2013 hackers gained access to 40 million customer credit cards and personal data of 70 million Target customers. TheRead MoreSecurity Data Breach Policy : Analysis1324 Words   |  6 PagesSecurity Data Breach Policy Purpose The purpose of the policy is to create the objectives and the visualization for James Greene Data Center Breach Response Process. This policy will outline to whom it relates and under what conditions, and it will include the definition of a breach, staff roles and responsibilities, standards and metrics, as well as reporting, and feedback .The policy will be made public and made easily available to all personnel whose responsibilities include data privacy andRead MoreJames Greene Data Center Breach Response Process1339 Words   |  6 PagesJames Greene Data Center Breach Response Process. This policy will outline to whom it relates and under what conditions, and it will include the definition of a breach, staff roles and responsibilities, standards and metrics, as well as reporting, and feedback .The policy will be made public and made easily available to all personnel whose responsibilities include data privacy and security protection. James Greene Data Center Information Security s reasoning for issuing a Data Breach Response PolicyRead MoreThe Data Breach At Opm1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe Data Breach at OPM The research paper will take an in-depth view of the current cyber threat and will explore the current efforts taken by the United States in combating the rapidly growing cyber threat. The research conducted will revolve around recent piece of legislation that are said to be the answer to combating cyber-crime. This paper will also look at past efforts and explore their failure and compare with the new piece of legislation to see if it will actually be effective. ThereRead MoreUnderstanding A Data Breach?1111 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding a Data Breach Ten years ago business professionals were grappling with the decision of whether to implement cloud computing into their organizations. Today, we no longer have the luxury of â€Å"If† we will embrace the new technology but rather â€Å"How† we will make it as safe as possible. The Article In his November 2013 article published in Business Finance Magazine, â€Å"The Real Security Risks of Running Finance Apps in the Cloud†, Ramesh Rajagopal suggests that the real threats with cloudRead MoreThe Responsibility Of A Data Breach1092 Words   |  5 PagesTJX Attack Introduction Data breaches are probably most deadly and least aware of dangers we worry about. While data heists do lack the glamor of a bank heist or a casino robbery, it definitely has a lot more punch in terms of the damage that it can cause in everyday lives. In fact no Hollywood director would be half as interested in showing a nerdy guy sitting before his computer reading through infinite amounts of stolen information, as much as he/she would like to show a heist in a bank for itRead MoreEssay On Data Breach880 Words   |  4 PagesThe FISMA is a U.S. federal law that was established in 2002 to create a number of important security standards and guidelines mandated by Congressional legislation. In this writing assignment, I will discuss an incident of a data breach that affected the government. Data Breaches and Regulatory Requirements While conducting my research I came across an article by Hirschfeld Davis, â€Å"Hacking of government computers exposed to one point by million people†, as stated in this article anyone that participatedRead MoreTarget: The Largest Data Breach/Attack Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pagesto a data breach. Target is a widely known retailer that has millions of consumers flocking every day to the retailer to partake in the stores wonders. The Target Data Breach is now known as the largest data breach/attack surpassing the TJX data breach in 2007. â€Å"The second-biggest attack struck TJX Companies, the parent company of TJMaxx and Marshall’s, which said in 2007 that about 45 million credit cards and debit cards had been compromised.† (Timberg, Yang, Tsukayama, 2013) The data breach occurred

Decision Analysis For Management Judgment â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Decision Analysis For Management Judgment? Answer: Introduction: Decision can be defined as the ultimate destination or the point reached after taking into consideration many aspects to resolve an issue. It is the action that is taken in account of solving the problem or initiating something. Decision making is the process that has been followed at the time of making the decisions (Dooley Fryxell, 1999). It is considered as the very important part in management. This is one of the most important function of management as all the other functions and all the operations that the company does depends on the decision making of the management. As far as the role of managers are considered, it has been analysed that decision making is one of the key roles as managers have to make decision over the things on daily basis.in management terms, a decision making process can be defined as the set of action that are being followed to take out the alternatives in order to achieve the objectives of the organizations. Decisions are required to be made at every le vel of the organization (Mel, 2010). The organizations need to implement different strategies in their decision making process so that the decisions can be made effective and efficient. It is that function that is the most important drivers of the organization as decision has been made at every point and all the process further in the organization are conducted according to the decision that has been made. Decision making is not the only function that has been conducted by the managers these days but it is the most important function and also the most effective way of achieving the objectives of the organization. In todays organizations, decision making is so important that it can be used as the replaceable word for management. This is because management means making decision now and then. It is not the scene that only the managers have to make the decision but the employees working under them also have to make decisions in order to manage their work (Aharoni, Tihanyi Connelly, 201 1). As far as the hierarchy of the organizations is considerd, managers have to manage their team and the resources under them. Those human resources also have to manage their work and thus have to prioritize their work accordingly so that they can be completed on time. This requires them to make the decision in order to prioritize (Schweiger, Sandberg Ragan, 1986). Thus, it is required to assess the factors and the aspects associated with the element on which the decision has been made and also on the situation in which the individual is making the decision. This depicts that decision cannot be made without proper investigation of the associated aspects. The data has been collected and then assessed to make the final decision considering all the aspects that affects the decision making process. It is the futuristic approach and thus it is also required to consider the future aspects to make the decision and it cannot be made considering only the present situations (Dexter, Willems en-Dunlap Lee, 2007). This is the report that discusses about various aspects of decision marketing in management. There are different external factors that can affect the decision making process by the managers in the company. The discussion is also made on some of those factors that ah severe impact on the decisions and have the potential to deviate the decisions. Some of the factors such as heuristics speed up the decision making while other such as social influences and biasness may deviate the decisions made by the managers. This report provides in depth understanding of these concepts and the intensity of the effect of these elements on decision making. Heuristics that can assist the decision maker in speeding up the decision making process: Making decision in the organizations requires an approach to be followed. These approached have some or the other basis. It has been analysed that at the tie of making decision. The mind applies logic, statistics or heuristics. All these elements are the mental tools that are assessed and used to make a decision (Gigerenzer Gaissmaier, 2011). Logic and statistics are considered as the rational approach of making decision which heuristics falls under the irrational approach of decision making. The rational theory or approach of making decision argues that every element or the aspects needs to be considered at the time of making the decision. The decision can be taken at its best at the situation when all the aspects of the problem has been considered ad various solutions have been made to choose the best one. However, it has been argued that evidences are not always act as the best basis to take the decision. They are not always justifiable. Simon was the one who questioned this theo ry of rationality among the decision making process and its application in the practical world (Slovic, Finucane, Peters MacGregor, 2007). Some authors argue that humans at the time of making decision try to opt the easy and simpler method to resolve the issue and not the complex ones. At the time of taking the decision, they generally use to avoid the complex method and go for the simple ones that can provide them better and sorted condition to make the decisions. This method of rationality among the decision making process have been replaced by the researchers with the method of rule of thumb also called as heuristic approach. This approach allows the decision makers to make the decision in simpler circumstances by following the rule of thumb. Approaches to decision making: There are different approaches that have been identified in order to make the decision in management. Rational model: it is the model that is based on theories. It is the model that supports the decision making that is optimal in nature (Marewski Gigerenzer, 2012). In this, the manager needs to make alternative decision and then the optimal is used to be implemented. For this, the managers have to assess all the information and the aspects related to the problem. Administrative model: It is the model that supports the decision making process based on limited information. In it also called as the model of bounded rationality in which the related information is not present with the decision maker they try to make the good decision but it cannot be optimal one. Image theory: It is the theory that deals with intuitions. This theory argues that considering all the aspects of the problem to take the decision is not always possible and feasible thus making decisions in the simpler way by considering only the problem is most rapid way to make the decision. What is heuristics? Heuristics can be defined as the simple rule of thumbs for resolving the issues and making the decisions. Heuristics is the strategy of making the decision that partly ignores the information to reduce the decision making efforts. The gaols of considering the heuristics in making decisions results in considering less cues and information at the tie of making decision so that the decision can be made quickly (Birnbaum, 2008). There are different types of heuristic such as availability and representative heuristics that are most commonly used in the management to make the decisions. Representative heuristics is generally used when the characteristics of the individual is involved and the judgement needs to be given for a person while availability heuristics deals with ignoring one or the other information that is not available to make the decision. Heuristics in decision making: Sometimes, it is known that what will be the exact probability that leads to best outcomes. In that case, the judgment can be made by taking heuristic in considerations. These are the general strategies that are used to resolve the problems (Shah Oppenheimer, 2008). Till 1970s, it is the approach that was found to be very effective in making decisions in case where the logics cannot work. From the last 25 years, it has been analysed that heuristics definition had changed over the time. It has been considered as the most unreliable method of making the decisions. The study of logics in decision making has found that using heuristics results in inappropriate decisions that do not consider the related aspect of the problem. It has been believed that heuristic in the decision making restrict the managers to take the correct decisions. Although heuristics are making deviation in the decisions but still some of the recent researchers suggests that the decision makers in the management are using such approach to take the decisions. It is accounting that heuristics cannot provide the optimal solution for the problem but have accuracies that are very much close to the more complex decision rules. It has been analysed that the most usable heuristics these days is the Fast and frugal approach of decision making (De Martino, Harrison, Knafo, Bird Dolan, 2008). This is the heuristic approaches that speed up the cycle of making decision reduce the efforts in the cycle. It has been said that in this world of dynamic environment, it is not always feasible to use complex tools and method to resolve the complex problems. Sometimes, simple methods can also do wonders. For example, Apple Inc. is the company that always consider only the latest technology to make the products and not the customer related issues. Many a times, man agement needs to make the decisions in highly uncertain situations. These situations have so many attributes associated with them (Dean Sharfman, 1996). Many of the decision makers generally make decision by considering some of the most relevant attributes whose information easily available to them. Samsung is the company that has faced the issue of battery explosion in one of its mobile device. The company immediately took the action of replacing the devices without considering other factors. In addition to it, it is not necessary that they will use systemic approach always to make the decision. They just rely on the information that is with them and go with their gut feeling that is farmed after analysing the information available. It has been analysed that considering this approach results in reduced efforts of the decision maker that makes the decision making process fast and quick. This is because the decision maker is not wasting time in finding the data related to all to att ributes while making the decision based on the most relevant attributes and the information available (Hilbig, Erdfelder Pohl, 2010). The result of using heuristics is effort-accuracy and time trade-offs. This is because using this approach helps in reducing the time and efforts of making decision but at the cost of accuracy. Thus, it can be said that using this approach helps in speeding up the process of making the decision. As far as the type of heuristics is considered, it has been analyse that availability heuristics is the best approach to use at the time if the decision need to be quickly taken. Common Biases that can skew the decision making process Resolving the issues is the very common practice that is conducted by every organization at every level of management. This practice of resolution of the issues requires the management to make the decisions. It has been analysed that there are gaps between theory and practice of effective decision making process (Strough, Karns Schlosnagle, 2011). In actual practice of the decision making process, there are some assumptions and biases that affect the process and deviates the decision that has been made. Traditional methods that were related to decision making considers logic and rationality. Although these methods provides better ad accurate outcomes to the management but it is rarely practiced these days. This is because of the external factors that somehow affect the decision making in this dynamic organizational environment. It has been analysed that decision making process at the organizations vary according to the situation and the type of problem that needs to be resolved (Mas icampo Baumeister, 2008). There are different kinds of biases that affect the decision making process and deviates the decision of the management. Some of them are discussed below: Salience and vividness effects: It has been analysed that it is not possible for the mangers to attend all the information that is available for them at the time of making the decisions. They generally believe in focusing on the information that is interesting and related to the issue. Information that has direct impact on the decision maker is more vivid in nature and thus decision maker tries to take that information and consider the same for making the decision (Cokely Kelley, 2009). When managers have to make the decision, they usually consider the information that has been heard and seen by them rather than by others. The information that is heard and see by self remains in the memory for long time but it is not possible for the manger to rely on the information that has been observed by the This generates biasness among the managers regarding the information. Anchoring bias: Most of the time when the decision has been quickly then the managers have to rely on the first piece of information they get (Bryant, 2007). It may be possible that it gives a wrong impression but it becomes the mind-set of the manager and he or she makes the decision considering only that information. It has been analysed that this acts as the bias that deviates the actual result or decision. Bandwagon effect: It has been analysed that when a similar type of information is provided by the different people again and again it become reliable even if it is wrong or not appropriate. This can be termed as the power of group thinking. If in a group, most of the people have similar thinking then it affects the thinking of all the people and also a type of biasness have been created in the decision that has been made in the end (Gigerenzer, 2008). Blind spot biasness: It is the major and the most important bias that generally develops at the time of making decisions sometimes, the managers themselves does not have any idea about their own biasness. This also becomes a bias itself and affects the decision every time. Heuristics related biasness: As discussed above that heuristics are the strategies that deviates the decision from the actual as it does not consider every attribute that is associated with the issue (Weber Johnson, 2009). It has been discussed that heuristics speeds up the decision making process but also introduce errors in the decisions. It is the not always true that if something has worked in the past situation then the same approach can be implanted to the resent situation. Relying on those existing heuristics results in deviated outcomes. Representative heuristic biasness: it is the approach that is related to comparing the present situation with the past situations. In this type of approach, the managers compare the issues occurred in the past with the present ones and apply the approach that was used in past if there is similarity in the issues has been found (Wilson Dowlatabadi, 2007). This creates biasness as it is not necessary that the other factors that area associated with the issue are also similar. The availability heuristics: This is also the factors that create biasness in the decision. It is the situation where the managers take the information that is available to make the decision and does not try to collect the information from other sources. The information that is easily came to mind is more relevant can be taken to make the decision over the issue (Hilbert, 2012). There are some other heuristics such as simulation heuristics, adjustments heuristics etc. also create and develop biasness in the decision making process. Choice supportive bias: It is the bias developing situation where the choice deviates the decision. If a person has a particular choice then he made the decision in favour of that choice always even if the choice has flaws. Those flaws can be neglected at the time. Thus, the decision that has been made by the mangers is biased in this case. For example, if a manager has to take decision over the increment, he prefers to give high increment to the employees of his choice and thus a biased decision is being made (West, Toplak Stanovich, 2008). Clustering illusion: this is the situation where the decision maker used to rely on the random events to determine a pattern that can be followed. This also creates a bias as every situation is not same and every problem cannot be solved with the random pattern game. Confirmation bias: every person has some preconception in about some of the issues. When the individual or the manager has to deal with that issue having a preconceived view about the same. They manage will definitely listen to the things that is relevant to this perception and make the decision accordingly (Botvinick, 2007). This generates a biased decision. Outcome bias: It is the type of bias in which the managers of the company made the decision according to the outcome of the issue. Taking the decision as per the outcomes may be wrong. The decision but the managers should be taken according to the situation and not the outcome. The dilution effect: It has been analysed that if the decision needs to be made by the management, they should consider only the important and the relevant information. This is because the non-relevant information dilutes the effect of the relevant information. For example, it has been announced in the company that everyone is going to get the appraisal on the basis of their performance. One of the employees is performing very well but has some issues in the social interaction with the other employees (Han, Lerner Keltner, 2007). This may portray him as a bad person and it may be possible that the manager takes decision against him and he may not get the appraisal according to his performance. Thus suggests that the irrelevant information about his personal relation has diluted the relevant information of performance in the company All the above discussed bias suggests that there are various outside factors other than the issue and the related attributes that affect the decision of the management in the organization. This is because even though these factors do not affect the decision directly but they somehow affect the decision making process and thus the final decision get affected by that (Gold Shadlen, 2007). Social influences that might skew the decision making process It has been analysed that decisions cannot be made in vacuum. The organizational decision as well as the individual decision made in the context of the environment surrounding the decision makers. Thus, the decision makers have to take into consideration many factors that are directly or indirectly affect the decision issue (Brodbeck, Kerschreiter, Mojzisch Schulz-Hardt, 2007). One of the factors that have the major impact on the decision making of the organization or the management is social context. How social factors affect the decision: As the decision makes in the organization get the information from other social elements either by the facial expression of the other person or by directly getting the information. The decision makers have to consider such aspects of social interaction in their decision making process (Green, Carney, Pallin, Ngo, Raymond, Iezzoni Banaji, 2007). Decision making is not only the process of logics and simulation but the social factors such as emotions of the person, the impact of the colleagues and other stakeholders of the company etc. There are different social factors that can affect different types of decisions made in the organization. Social factors that affect the decision making: Social beliefs of the stakeholders: There are many stakeholders to the company such as employees, customers, shareholders etc. every individual have different social beliefs and thus the decision that are being made in the organization have to be such that does not hurt the sentiments of any of these stakeholders of the company (Saaty, 2008). Thus, the management has to consider their point of view in the decision. Different stakeholders and their impact on decisions making: Employees: employees are the biggest asset to the organization. It has been analysed that management has to consider the conditions and the situations of the employees at the time of making any decision (Hwang Lin, 2012). Various examples can be quoted to understand the same. Suppose, if the manager has to train and motivate the employees, he has to make the training or motivational plan for the employees. It is not necessary that every employee can be motivated by on factor or plan thus a plan that has been executed needs to involves all the aspects so that an optimum plan can be made (Tzeng Huang, 2011). Customer behaviour: Behaviour of the customers is also a social factor that affects the decision making criteria of the management. It has been analysed that customers behaviour change according to their beliefs. The organizations that operate in multiple countries found it as the challenge etc. takes decision over the strategies that need to take in order to release the products and the marketing practices. This is because the social values and beliefs of different country people are different and thus this affects the strategic decision of the company. When the company has to take the products decision, it is required to keep in mind the choice of the customer at that place where the products will release. It is also required at the same time to market the products in a way that does not harm any of the ethical values and moral values of the people (Zanakis, Solomon, Wishart Dublish, 1998). Shareholder role: It has been analysed that shareholders are the biggest part of the company that provides support to the business practices. Several decisions have been made in the company but consideration of the shareholders value is also very important. Income distribution: It is also another social factor that can affect the decision of the company or the management. This is the factors that affect the strategic decision of the company that needs to be taken regarding the products and the services offered to the market by the company (Eisenhardt Zbaracki, 1992). Other competitors: The Company operates in the industrial environment. That environment has various factors and these factors have their impact on the decision making. Suppose of the company has good relation with one of its competitors, them the management has to make such decisions that does not harm that particular company (Xu, 2015). On the other hand if the company has personal rivalry with another company then it may be possible that management of the company make such decision that attacks that particular company of the industry. Group think: group think is the process in which members of the team sits together and take out the decision (Lunenburg, 2011). This helps the organizations come up with many alternatives to solve the issue but it has been observed that the decision of majority become the thing of all. This may skew the actual outcome that should be made. This is because the people who are more influencing influence other people also to support their views (Trevino, 1986). This influence deviate the decision of the members as well as the whole group. Why social factors affect the decision making: Above all factors suggests that there is an impact of external factors on the management decision. This is because the management of the company has to take into consideration many attributes that are associated with the issue on which the decision has been made. It has been analysed that only the logics and the quantitative simulation cannot be problem to take the decision. The people around the decision makers and the social beliefs deviate and skew the decision making process irrespective of which type of decision is been taken. Intuition also plays major roles in decision making (Jones, 1991). The experiences of the person develop kind of perception in them that integrates with the decision process and thus skew the decision at the end. Social factors affect the decision making process because it is the major factors that is considered at all the levels of life. Even the personal and individual decision is greatly affected by the social factors. Different people have different be liefs and thus decision that has been made in the organizations having diverse workforce should be efficient enough and should consider all the social views bad beliefs of the people (Simon, 1979). Conclusion: The report concludes that decision making is the process that deals with making the decisions and taking out the solution of the issues available. It has been analysed from the report that decision making is the very important function of the management in the company but is cannot be taken in vacuum (Hambrick Snow, 1977). The decision making process gets affected by many of the factors. Heuristics is one of the approaches that have been discussed that skew the management decisions. Heuristics is defined as the conditions that are the simple rule of thumbs that solve the problems. There are different types of heuristics discussed in the report such as representative, availability etc. These heuristics are considered as the element that speeds up the process of decision making by eliminating the steps of considering all the data and information associated with the issue. Another part of the report concludes that heuristics also develops biasness in the decisions. Other than heuristic s there are some other cognitive biases that affect the decision making such as group think, anchoring bias, vividness bias etc. Biasness skew the decision and the change its meaning. It has been analysed that decision that are taken under biasness are not that much effective and fair. In the organizational point of view, it has been analysed that the decision maker should try to understand the factors that develops bias for them and should remove the same. Some of the social factors also affect the decision making process of the management. This is because the decision is made for the society only and any of the decision that is made should not be against the society. It has been analysed that only the logics and the quantitative simulation cannot be problem to take the decision. The people around the decision makers and the social beliefs deviate and skew the decision making process irrespective of which type of decision is been taken. Intuitions also play a major role in decision making. References: Aharoni, Y., Tihanyi, L., Connelly, B. L. (2011). Managerial decision-making in international business: A forty-five-year retrospective.Journal of World Business,46(2), 135-142. Birnbaum, M. H. (2008). Economics of the priority heuristic as a descriptive model of risky decision making: Comment on Brandsttter, Gigerenzer, and Hertwig (2006). Botvinick, M. M. (2007). Conflict monitoring and decision making: reconciling two perspectives on anterior cingulate function.Cognitive, Affective, Behavioral Neuroscience,7(4), 356-366. Brodbeck, F. C., Kerschreiter, R., Mojzisch, A., Schulz-Hardt, S. (2007). Group decision making under conditions of distributed knowledge: The information asymmetries model.Academy of Management Review,32(2), 459-479. Bryant, P. (2007). Self-regulation and decision heuristics in entrepreneurial opportunity evaluation and exploitation. Management Decision,45(4), 732-748. Cokely, E. T., Kelley, C. M. (2009). Cognitive abilities and superior decision making under risk: A protocol analysis and process model evaluation.Judgment and Decision Making,4(1), 20. Dane, E., Pratt, M. G. (2007). Exploring intuition and its role in managerial decision making.Academy of management review,32(1), 33-54. De Martino, B., Harrison, N. A., Knafo, S., Bird, G., Dolan, R. J. (2008). Explaining enhanced logical consistency during decision making in autism.Journal of Neuroscience,28(42), 10746-10750. Dean, J. W., Sharfman, M. P. (1996). Does decision process matter? A study of strategic decision-making effectiveness.Academy of management journal,39(2), 368-392. Dexter, F., Willemsen-Dunlap, A., Lee, J. D. (2007). Operating room managerial decision-making on the day of surgery with and without computer recommendations and status displays.Anesthesia Analgesia,105(2), 419-429. Dooley, R. S., Fryxell, G. E. (1999). Attaining decision quality and commitment from dissent: The moderating effects of loyalty and competence in strategic decision-making teams.Academy of Management journal,42(4), 389-402. Eisenhardt, K. M., Zbaracki, M. J. (1992). Strategic decision making.Strategic management journal,13(S2), 17-37. Gigerenzer, G. (2008). Why heuristics work.Perspectives on psychological science,3(1), 20-29. Gigerenzer, G., Gaissmaier, W. (2011). Heuristic decision making.Annual review of psychology,62, 451-482. Gold, J. I., Shadlen, M. N. (2007). The neural basis of decision making.Annu. Rev. Neurosci.,30, 535-574. Green, A. R., Carney, D. R., Pallin, D. J., Ngo, L. H., Raymond, K. L., Iezzoni, L. I., Banaji, M. R. (2007). Implicit bias among physicians and its prediction of thrombolysis decisions for black and white patients.Journal of general internal medicine,22(9), 1231-1238. Hambrick, D. C., Snow, C. C. (1977, August). A Contextual Model of Strategic Decision Making in Organizations. InAcademy of management proceedings(Vol. 1977, No. 1, pp. 109-112). Academy of Management. Han, S., Lerner, J. S., Keltner, D. (2007). Feelings and consumer decision making: The appraisal-tendency framework.Journal of consumer psychology,17(3), 158-168. Hilbert, M. (2012). Toward a synthesis of cognitive biases: how noisy information processing can bias human decision making.Psychological bulletin,138(2), 211. Hilbig, B. E., Erdfelder, E., Pohl, R. F. (2010). One-reason decision making unveiled: A measurement model of the recognition heuristic.Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition,36(1), 123. Hwang, C. L., Lin, M. J. (2012).Group decision making under multiple criteria: methods and applications(Vol. 281). Springer Science Business Media. Jones, T. M. (1991). Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model.Academy of management review,16(2), 366-395. Lunenburg, F. C. (2011). Decision making in organizations.International journal of management, business, and administration,15(1), 1-9. Marewski, J. N., Gigerenzer, G. (2012). Heuristic decision making in medicine.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience,14(1), 77. Masicampo, E. J., Baumeister, R. F. (2008). Toward a physiology of dual-process Mel, D. (2010). Practical wisdom in managerial decision making.Journal of Management Development,29(7/8), 637-645. Saaty, T. L. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process.International journal of services sciences,1(1), 83-98. Schweiger, D. M., Sandberg, W. R., Ragan, J. W. (1986). Group approaches for improving strategic decision making: A comparative analysis of dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy, and consensus.Academy of management Journal,29(1), 51-71. Shah, A. K., Oppenheimer, D. M. (2008). Heuristics made easy: an effort-reduction framework.Psychological bulletin,134(2), 207. Simon, H. A. (1979). Rational decision making in business organizations.The American economic review,69(4), 493-513. Slovic, P., Finucane, M. L., Peters, E., MacGregor, D. G. (2007). The affect heuristic.European journal of operational research,177(3), 1333-1352. Strough, J., Karns, T. E., Schlosnagle, L. (2011). Decision?making heuristics and biases across the life span.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1235(1), 57-74. Trevino, L. K. (1986). Ethical decision making in organizations: A person-situation interactionist model.Academy of management Review,11(3), 601-617. Tzeng, G. H., Huang, J. J. (2011).Multiple attribute decision making: methods and applications. CRC press. Weber, E. U., Johnson, E. J. (2009). Mindful judgment and decision making.Annual review of psychology,60, 53-85. West, R. F., Toplak, M. E., Stanovich, K. E. (2008). Heuristics and biases as measures of critical thinking: associations with cognitive ability and thinking dispositions.Journal of Educational Psychology,100(4), 930. Wilson, C., Dowlatabadi, H. (2007). Models of decision making and residential energy use.Annual review of environment and resources,32. Wright, G., Goodwin, P. (2009).Decision analysis for management judgment. John Wiley and sons. Xu, Z. (2015).Uncertain multi-attribute decision making: Methods and applications. Springer. Zanakis, S. H., Solomon, A., Wishart, N., Dublish, S. (1998). Multi-attribute decision making: a simulation comparison of select methods.European journal of operational research,107(3), 507-529.

Bad Habit Throw It Away .. free essay sample

We all know, in each and everyone of us, we have a certain bad habit that is particularly damaging to others (or maybe to others). We also know that were capable of stopping them, but often we create reasons that hinders us from ridding ourselves from the bad habits. Why should you do It In the first place? Well, If you ever want to make a difference, ridding bad habits is a good start, simply what you do, affects everything youve done. Ill give you a simple example If youre always excuses to run away from responsibilities (no time for this, no money, no energy, no transport, etc. And then, you happened to do something really great and impressive, you wont be getting the best applause youd hope to get. The reason is because people had labeled you as an escape artiste, thus whatever you do thereafter would not reward as much as youd expected, rather It creates a sense of doubt and suspicion to your efforts Did he really do it? , Im sure it was a fluke, or even SO? Ive seen others better than him/her, and yet they hadnt gotten the recognition. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Habit ? Throw It Away .. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What can you do? Where should you start? How can you throw away those bad habits of yours?Written by Marc, there are 30 Things To Stop Doing To Yourself ! I wont list out everything, but Ill pick out some of the things of you which believe its the easiest to start off with, and you can do it immediately after youve read this The path for your transformation! Stop being afraid to make a mistake And start cultivate the habit of taking risk! Im not asking you to buy shares without evaluating the market. But you can be initiative and take the first step into doing something you believe its worth it. If you like drawing, then doodle or sketch; If you like speaking, then start talking. Stop being idle And start acting!Thinking too much about how things will be or not, will not get you anywhere else than where ever youre standing/sitting/lying right now. Once youve done your evaluation, its time to do the work/action. There are things which you absolutely cannot change or avoid, but you can definitely be prepared for It. Youll never know what results youll get, unless you do it; If you dont do It, well Its obvious enough to see there wont be any results at all. Stop thinking youre not ready And start embracing the moment when It comes! You think every couple was ready to be parents at any given moment? And that Heroes were prepared in advance?You just have to take chances, and do your best when the anyones life is when you least expect them. Stop being Jealous of others And start appreciating what you have! Everyones always thinking about what others have, but little do they know that they too have something that others desire. Study yourself to know what you have that others want but dont have. New is a waste of time, Jealousy is a mental cancer. Stop complaining and feeling sorry for yourself And start understanding and seeing your strengths! I believe that we were all given birth to for reason, for a certain purpose to fulfill in life.God made us all equal, and balanced mix of talents, appearances, wisdom and personality. Just because you saw the few flaws in yourself, that doesnt mean your a failure. Youre in control of your life, and unless you want to remain the same, you got to shift your thoughts away from the negativity, into a direction that is suited for you. Everything happens for a reason; think of it as a challenge, when overcome, will lead you to be the better, stronger and wiser you. Stop doing the same things over and over without taking a break And tart taking a breather every now and then!Being responsible for your actions is a trait that very well determines the possibilities of realizing your dreams. Taking ownership truly gives you the power over that part of your life. Ive never heard of someone gaining success through blaming others for what had happened previously, have you? What happens or happened does not matter much, what matters most is your reaction and decisive actions you take when it happens. Stop running away from your problems And give it a punch in the face like a man (figuratively speaking)! No, it wont be easy, but its certainly not going to solve anything if you keep running and voiding it.No one can possibly solve anything instantly without a little hiccup here and there, not even geniuses. Were all humans, sit happens! Therell many times we get hurt, upset, disappointed, betrayed, kicked around or even abandoned, but thats life; Weve Just goat get back up, look back in its eye, learn and adapt to its trickeries, resolve the issues and better still, be grateful that it happened. These are the things that makes a person a Hero. Its about the number of times we fall, its all about the countless times we stood right back up after t he fall.